Conducting a security audit of your Magento store is essential to identify potential vulnerabilities and ensure the security of your eCommerce platform. Here are the steps to conduct a comprehensive security audit:
1. Review Magento and Extension Updates
-
Magento Version:
- Ensure you are running the latest version of Magento.
- Check for updates and apply any security patches from the Magento Security Center.
-
Extension Updates:
- Verify that all installed extensions are up-to-date.
- Check the Magento Marketplace or the extension providers' websites for updates and apply them.
2. Assess Server Security
-
Secure Access:
- Ensure SSH access is secured with key-based authentication instead of passwords.
- Restrict access to the server by IP address.
-
Server Configuration:
- Verify that your server software (e.g., Apache, Nginx, MySQL) is up-to-date.
- Ensure proper file permissions are set: directories should typically be
755
and files644
. - Disable unnecessary services and ports.
-
Web Server Configuration:
- Review
.htaccess
ornginx.conf
for proper configurations to prevent directory listing and enforce security headers.
- Review
3. Magento Configuration
-
Admin URL:
- Change the default admin URL to a custom one to obscure it from potential attackers.
- Navigate to
Stores > Configuration > Advanced > Admin > Admin Base URL
.
-
Two-Factor Authentication (2FA):
- Ensure 2FA is enabled for all admin users.
- Navigate to
Stores > Configuration > Security > Two Factor Auth
to configure 2FA settings.
-
CAPTCHA:
- Enable CAPTCHA on the admin login page to prevent automated login attempts.
- Navigate to
Stores > Configuration > Advanced > Admin > CAPTCHA
.
4. Review User Roles and Permissions
-
User Accounts:
- Review all admin user accounts and ensure they are necessary.
- Remove or disable any outdated or unused accounts.
-
Roles and Permissions:
- Ensure that each user has the minimum necessary permissions.
- Navigate to
System > Permissions > User Roles
to review and adjust roles.
5. Database Security
-
Database Credentials:
- Use strong passwords for database users.
- Avoid using default usernames and databases.
-
Database Access:
- Restrict database access to specific IP addresses.
- Ensure the database user has only the necessary privileges.
-
Regular Backups:
- Ensure regular backups of the database are being taken and stored securely.
6. Data Encryption
-
SSL/TLS:
- Ensure that SSL/TLS is enabled and properly configured.
- Check for mixed content warnings and resolve them.
-
Data Storage:
- Verify that sensitive data (e.g., passwords) is encrypted in the database.
- Ensure Magento is using secure hash algorithms for passwords.
7. Implement Security Extensions
-
Security Extensions:
- Consider installing security extensions like
Mageplaza Security Suite
orAmasty Security Suite
to add additional layers of protection.
- Consider installing security extensions like
-
Web Application Firewall (WAF):
- Implement a WAF to filter and monitor incoming traffic for malicious activities.
8. Monitor and Audit Logs
-
Log Review:
- Regularly review server and application logs for suspicious activities.
- Check logs for failed login attempts, unexpected file changes, and unauthorized access.
-
Automated Monitoring:
- Use monitoring tools like New Relic, Nagios, or server-specific tools to automate the monitoring of logs and server health.
9. Conduct Vulnerability Scans
-
Automated Scans:
- Use tools like
Nessus
,OpenVAS
, orAcunetix
to scan your website for vulnerabilities.
- Use tools like
-
Manual Testing:
- Perform manual testing to check for common vulnerabilities such as SQL injection, XSS, and CSRF.
10. Educate and Train Staff
- Security Awareness:
- Educate your staff on the importance of security and best practices.
- Conduct regular training sessions on recognizing phishing attacks and other social engineering tactics.
Summary
- Review Magento and extension updates regularly.
- Assess and secure server configurations.
- Configure Magento settings for security, including admin URL, 2FA, and CAPTCHA.
- Review and adjust user roles and permissions.
- Ensure database security and encryption.
- Implement security extensions and WAF.
- Monitor and audit logs regularly.
- Conduct vulnerability scans.
- Educate and train staff on security best practices.